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Climate Change ResiliencePILLAR 2: PROPERTY PORTFOLIOESR Group LimitedEnvironmental, Social and Governance Report 202452Climate change poses a critical and existential risk to all businesses and communities around the world. As a responsible corporate citizen, ESR is conscious of the environmental and social impact of our businesses and operations on both the planet and people, and thus, we seek to identify and mitigate the material climate-related issues pertinent to the business.Addressing the issue of climate change requires collective action beyond the capacity of individual organisations. ESR will continue to foster innovation through partnerships with its investors, customers and industry professionals to elevate sustainability standards and induce positive impact on society and the environment.The Group supports the Paris Agreement since 2020 which aims to limit global warming to within 1.5 degrees Celsius of pre-industrial levels. In our bid to transition to a lowcarbon future, the Group adopts the principles prescribed by the ISSB%u2019s IFRS S2 (which incorporated recommendations formerly under the TCFD Framework). The principles seek to integrate climate-related considerations into strategic, investment and operational decision-making, and to quantify the financial implications of the associated climate-related risks. In addition, the Group is committed to reducing the physical vulnerability of its real assets, as well as identifying opportunities to enhance the resilience of the business against the effects of transitional impact caused by climate change.Under IFRS S2, the Group aims to adapt to climate change and mitigate its impacts through climate-related risk assessments. This process involves assessing, identifying, and monitoring climate-related risks and opportunities using climate scenario analysis that is based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (%u201cIPCC%u201d)%u2019s global development pathways. Multiple climate scenarios (e.g., 1.5 degrees Celsius, 2 degrees Celsius, business-as-usual, etc.) are modelled to cover different potential impacts from global temperature rise. Associated potential and actual impacts of these identified climate-related risks and opportunities will then be evaluated and quantified by the Group, so as to derive mitigating strategies to manage climate change and strengthen the business, assets and operations. Both qualitative and quantitative impact assessments are carried out to determine the non-financial and financial implications on the business, environment, and stakeholders.Climate-related risks are categorised into two types, namely physical risks and transition risks:Types of Climate RiskTransition RisksRisks related to the transition to a low-carbon economy, which may entail extensive policy, legal, technological and market changes to address mitigation and adaptation requirements related to climate change. Depending on the nature, speed and focus of these changes, transition risks may pose varying levels of financial and reputational risks to the Group.Physical RisksRisks related to the physical impacts of climate change, which may be event driven (acute) or long-term shifts (chronic) in climate patterns. Such physical risks may have financial implications including direct damage to assets and indirect impacts from supply chain disruptions. The Group%u2019s financial performance may also be affected by changes in the availability and quality of natural resources (e.g., water), food security, as well as extreme weather events affecting the Group%u2019s assets, operations, supply chain, transport requirements and employee safety and well-being.